The Story of Sri Lanka: Kingdoms, Colonies, and Civil War

The Story of Sri Lanka: Kingdoms, Colonies, and Civil War podcast cover
Fexingo History · South Asia

The Story of Sri Lanka: Kingdoms, Colonies, and Civil War

Sri Lanka's story is a microcosm of South Asian history: a teardrop-shaped island where Buddhism met Hinduism, colonialism collided with ancient kingdoms, and ethnic tensions erupted into a 26-year civil war. Lucas and Luna guide listeners from the arrival of Prince Vijaya in the 6th century BCE to the rise of the Anuradhapura kingdom, whose towering dagobas and monastic complexes rivaled any in India. They explore the Chola invasion of the 11th century, the flourishing Polonnaruwa period under Parakramabahu I, and the Kandyan kingdom's fierce resistance to Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonizers. The show digs into the British plantation economy, which imported Tamil laborers and sowed the seeds of modern ethnic strife. Post-independence, the Sinhala Only Act and the rise of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna set the stage for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), whose suicide-tactic warfare and assassination of Rajiv Gandhi shocked the world. Lucas and Luna examine the brutal endgame of the war in 2009, the legacy of the Rajapaksa dynasty, and the ongoing struggle for reconciliation. They also delve into Sri Lanka's unique cultural heritage—the sacred Tooth Relic, the rock fortress of Sigiriya, the ancient irrigation systems of the Dry Zone, and the syncretic traditions of Buddhism, folk religion, and astrology. This is not a simple narrative of tragedy; it's a story of resilience, artistic brilliance, and the haunting question of whether a divided island can ever heal.

#SriLanka#AncientKingdoms#Anuradhapura#Polonnaruwa#CholaEmpire#KandyanKingdom#PortugueseEmpire#DutchEastIndiaCompany#BritishColonialism#LTTE#CivilWar#Buddhism#Sigiriya#TamilEelam#SinhalaOnlyAct#Rajapaksa#WorldHistory#FexingoHistory

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Episodes

191 episodes

The Anuradhapura Drought: How Climate Toppled a Kingdom

Aug 1, 2026 · 8:35
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The Portuguese Discovery of Ceylon: Accidental Empire

Jul 30, 2026 · 7:30
0:000:00

Ceylon's Independence: The Peaceful Transfer of Power in 1948

Jul 30, 2026 · 6:55
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The Japanese Raid on Ceylon: WWII in the Indian Ocean

Jul 29, 2026 · 7:08
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Parakramabahu the Great and the Sea of Parakrama

Jul 29, 2026 · 5:39
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The Indian Tamil Plantation Workers of Ceylon

Jul 28, 2026 · 6:17
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When the Cholas Conquered Anuradhapura: Sri Lanka's Indian Interlude

Jul 28, 2026 · 5:42
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Black July 1983 The Riots That Ignited Sri Lanka's Civil War

Jul 27, 2026 · 4:55
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Donoughmore Constitution: Sri Lanka's 1931 Universal Franchise

Jul 27, 2026 · 5:07
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The Fall of Jaffna: Portugal's Conquest of Sri Lanka's Tamil Kingdom

Jul 26, 2026 · 6:00
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Sinhala Only: The 1956 Language Act That Divided Sri Lanka

Jul 26, 2026 · 6:26
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The Bodhi Tree and the Birth of Buddhist Sri Lanka

Jul 25, 2026 · 8:20
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Rajasinha I: The Lion of Seethawaka vs the Portuguese

Jul 25, 2026 · 5:34
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: A Forgotten Tragedy

Jul 24, 2026 · 8:32
0:000:00

Sigiriya: The Lion Rock Fortress of King Kassapa

Jul 23, 2026 · 9:18
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The Great Rebellion of 1818: Sri Lanka's Last Stand

Jul 23, 2026 · 5:18
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The Dutch Siege of Colombo 1656

Jul 22, 2026 · 8:21
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Kandy's Last King: Madness and Betrayal in 1815

Jul 22, 2026 · 7:44
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Sri Lanka's Dutch Colonial Era: Cinnamon, Slaves, and the VOC

Jul 21, 2026 · 9:16
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The Mahavamsa: How a Buddhist Chronicle Shaped Sri Lanka's History

Jul 21, 2026 · 8:55
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The 1818 Uva Rebellion: Sri Lanka's Last Stand Against the British

Jul 20, 2026 · 7:59
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Parakramabahu VI and the Renaissance of Kotte

Jul 20, 2026 · 5:43
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Sri Lanka's 1971 JVP Insurrection: The Wellawatte Bombing

Jul 19, 2026 · 7:37
0:000:00

The Kandyan Treaty of 1638: When Sri Lanka Allied with the Dutch

Jul 18, 2026 · 6:01
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Sri Lanka's 1834 Colebrooke Reforms: Crown Colony

Jul 18, 2026 · 6:17
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The Ceylon Rifle Regiment and the 1850s Mutiny

Jul 17, 2026 · 6:14
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Parakramabahu I: The Great King Who Filled the Sea

Jul 17, 2026 · 5:18
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Sri Lanka's 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: A Forgotten Tragedy

Jul 16, 2026 · 5:36
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Vijayabahu I: The Jungle King Who Restored Sri Lanka's Independence

Jul 16, 2026 · 5:33
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The Paddy Tax That Sparked Sri Lanka's 1848 Rebellion

Jul 15, 2026 · 6:01
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The Temple of the Tooth and the Kandyan Kingdom's Sacred Heart

Jul 15, 2026 · 7:07
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Polonnaruwa's Fall: Kalinga Magha and the Invasion That Changed Sri Lanka

Jul 14, 2026 · 6:38
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Sri Lanka's 1971 JVP Insurrection Youth Revolt

Jul 14, 2026 · 8:38
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The Chola Conquest of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa

Jul 13, 2026 · 7:02
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Polonnaruwa: Sri Lanka's Medieval Capital of Kings and Conquest

Jul 13, 2026 · 7:19
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Kashyapa: The Patricidal King Who Built Sigiriya

Jul 12, 2026 · 8:34
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots Sri Lanka's Forgotten Tragedy

Jul 12, 2026 · 8:14
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The 1971 JVP Insurrection: Sri Lanka’s Youth Revolt

Jul 11, 2026 · 3:55
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The Jaffna Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Tamil Domain

Jul 11, 2026 · 7:06
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The Dutch in Ceylon: Spice, Slaves, and Empire

Jul 10, 2026 · 5:51
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Sigiriya: The Lion Rock Fortress of a Fratricidal King

Jul 10, 2026 · 10:31
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The Kurunegala Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Forgotten Capital

Jul 9, 2026 · 10:05
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Elara's Choice: The Queen Who Defied a Kingdom for Love

Jul 9, 2026 · 7:10
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Mahanama and the Thupa: The Great Stupa That Defined an Era

Jul 8, 2026 · 9:05
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Sri Lanka's 1818 Uva-Wellassa Rebellion: The Last Great Revolt

Jul 8, 2026 · 8:55
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The Kandyan Kingdom's Last Stand: 1815 Treaty and Betrayal

Jul 7, 2026 · 8:52
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The Kotte Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Forgotten Maritime Empire

Jul 7, 2026 · 6:45
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Sri Lanka's 1848 Rebellion: The Matale Uprising Against British Rule

Jul 6, 2026 · 7:09
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The 1803 Kandyan Rebellion: How Britain Lost the Tooth Relic

Jul 6, 2026 · 6:13
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The Kandyan Treaty of 1638: Dutch Deal That Doomed the Portuguese

Jul 5, 2026 · 6:26
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The Portuguese Siege of Kandy in 1603: Disaster in the Mountains

Jul 5, 2026 · 5:19
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Sri Lanka's Anuradhapura: The Great City That Ruled an Island

Jul 4, 2026 · 10:05
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Digha Vapi: The Ancient Reservoir That Defined Sri Lanka's Irrigation

Jul 4, 2026 · 6:44
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: Sri Lanka's Forgotten Tragedy

Jul 3, 2026 · 8:31
0:000:00

The Last King of Kandy: Sri Wickrama Rajasinha's Fall

Jul 3, 2026 · 7:50
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The 1658 Battle of Colombo: Dutch vs Portuguese for Ceylon

Jul 2, 2026 · 6:13
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Tissa and the Sacred Bodhi Tree: How Buddhism Rooted in Sri Lanka

Jul 2, 2026 · 7:44
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The Dambadeniya Kingdom: Sri Lanka's 13th-Century Revival After Polonnaruwa's Fall

Jul 1, 2026 · 7:09
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Polonnaruwa: Sri Lanka's Medieval Capital of Splendor and Strife

Jul 1, 2026 · 7:20
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The 1971 JVP Insurrection: Sri Lanka's Youth Revolt

Jun 30, 2026 · 6:06
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The 1st Century BCE: Sri Lanka's Civil War Over Valagamba's Throne

Jun 30, 2026 · 5:56
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Sigiriya: Sri Lanka's Lion Rock Fortress and Its Forgotten King

Jun 29, 2026 · 5:54
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Sri Lanka's Bronze Age: The Prehistoric Roots of an Island Civilization

Jun 29, 2026 · 6:30
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Polonnaruwa Vatadage: Sri Lanka's Circular Relic House

Jun 28, 2026 · 5:34
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Sri Lanka's 1971 JVP Insurrection: The Red Rebellion That Shook a Nation

Jun 28, 2026 · 9:16
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Sri Lanka's Great Rebellion of 1817–1818: The Uva–Wellassa Uprising

Jun 27, 2026 · 6:05
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The 1833 Colebrooke Reforms: How Britain Reshaped Sri Lanka

Jun 27, 2026 · 5:55
0:000:00

The 1612 Capture of Kandy by Constantino de Sá

Jun 26, 2026 · 6:53
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The 1889 Cinnamon Monopoly: How a Spice Shaped Sri Lanka

Jun 26, 2026 · 7:22
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The 1848 Matale Rebellion: Sri Lanka's Last Stand Against British Rule

Jun 25, 2026 · 4:36
0:000:00

Sri Lanka's Matara Rebellion: The 1760 Uprising Against Dutch Rule

Jun 25, 2026 · 5:48
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The Kandyan Convention of 1815: Sri Lanka's Lost Sovereignty

Jun 24, 2026 · 7:23
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Anuradhapura: Sri Lanka's First Great Civilization

Jun 24, 2026 · 6:57
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: Sri Lanka's Communal Violence

Jun 23, 2026 · 6:24
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The 1843 Rebellion of Kurunegala: A Tax Revolt in British Ceylon

Jun 23, 2026 · 8:07
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Dutch Ceylon: How the VOC Ruled Sri Lanka's Coasts

Jun 22, 2026 · 8:43
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The 1833 Colebrooke Reforms: How Britain Reshaped Sri Lanka

Jun 22, 2026 · 7:46
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The 1818 Uva Rebellion: Sri Lanka's Last Kandyan Revolt

Jun 21, 2026 · 8:47
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The 1656 Siege of Colombo: Dutch vs Portuguese for Ceylon's Cinnamon

Jun 21, 2026 · 7:35
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The Fall of Polonnaruwa: Kalinga Magha's Invasion and the Kingdom's End

Jun 20, 2026 · 9:12
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The Kandyan Treaty of 1638: Sri Lanka's Dutch Alliance

Jun 20, 2026 · 6:52
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The Kandyan Treaty of 1638: When Sri Lanka Allied with the Dutch

Jun 19, 2026 · 11:19
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Polonnaruwa's Fall: Kalinga Magha's Invasion and Sri Lanka's Dark Age

Jun 19, 2026 · 7:43
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Kalinga Magha: The Invader Who Toppled Sri Lanka's Golden Age

Jun 18, 2026 · 6:49
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The 1962 Colombo Mutiny: Sri Lanka's Tea & Tanks

Jun 18, 2026 · 6:05
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The 1971 JVP Insurrection: Sri Lanka's Che Guevara Moment

Jun 17, 2026 · 12:53
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The Polonnaruwa Period: Sri Lanka's Medieval Golden Age

Jun 17, 2026 · 10:16
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The Portuguese Arrive: Sri Lanka's First European Contact

Jun 16, 2026 · 7:38
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The Kandyan Kingdom's Last King: Sri Wickrama Rajasinha's Fall

Jun 16, 2026 · 9:11
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The Indian Peacekeeping Force in Sri Lanka 1987-1990

Jun 15, 2026 · 6:20
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King Rajasinha I and the Siege of Colombo

Jun 15, 2026 · 5:21
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Sigiriya: Sri Lanka's Lion Rock Fortress and King Kasyapa

Jun 14, 2026 · 8:18
0:000:00

The Siege of Kotte: How Sinhalese King Parakramabahu VI Resisted Ming China

Jun 14, 2026 · 6:51
0:000:00

Sri Lanka's 1848 Matale Rebellion: A Revolt Against British Rule

Jun 13, 2026 · 6:10
0:000:00

The 1883 Kandy Perahera Riot: A Clash of Faiths Under British Rule

Jun 13, 2026 · 7:22
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King Dutugamunu and the Battle for Anuradhapura

Jun 12, 2026 · 10:15
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: Sri Lanka's Colonial Divide

Jun 12, 2026 · 4:42
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The Anuradhapura Kingdom: Sri Lanka's First Great Civilization

Jun 12, 2026 · 5:53
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The Sassanian Embassy to Sri Lanka: A Persian King's Offer of Marriage

Jun 11, 2026 · 8:43
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The 1834 Colebrooke Reforms That Remade Sri Lanka

Jun 11, 2026 · 7:19
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The British Build a Railroad: Sri Lanka's Coffee Economy

Jun 10, 2026 · 6:28
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The Wahhabi Revolt and 19th Century Muslim Politics in Sri Lanka

Jun 10, 2026 · 7:14
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Sri Lanka's 1818 Uva Rebellion: The Last Stand Against Britain

Jun 9, 2026 · 8:07
0:000:00

The Cinnamon Peelers' Revolt: Sri Lanka's Spice Rebellion

Jun 9, 2026 · 7:57
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The Mahavamsa: How a Buddhist Chronicle Shaped Sri Lanka

Jun 8, 2026 · 9:54
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Rajasinha II: The Kandyan King Who Outplayed the Dutch

Jun 8, 2026 · 5:02
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The Dutch Surrender of Colombo 1656: Siege and Betrayal

Jun 7, 2026 · 5:49
0:000:00

Sri Lanka's Polonnaruwa Under Parakramabahu the Great

Jun 7, 2026 · 7:08
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The Portuguese in Ceylon: Forts, Battles, and Colonial Legacy

Jun 6, 2026 · 7:13
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The Mannar Massacre and the Dutch-VOC Occupation of Sri Lanka's Pearl Fisheries

Jun 6, 2026 · 9:36
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The Temple of the Tooth and its 2,000-year History in Sri Lanka

Jun 5, 2026 · 5:58
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The Fall of Kandy: Sri Lanka's Last Kingdom

Jun 5, 2026 · 6:38
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The Kandyan Kingdom's Last Stand: 1815 Convention

Jun 4, 2026 · 5:06
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Sri Lanka's 1971 JVP Insurrection: Youth Revolt in the Ceasefire

Jun 4, 2026 · 8:34
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The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam: A Separate State

Jun 3, 2026 · 9:42
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Parakramabahu the Great: Sri Lanka's Imperial Builder

Jun 3, 2026 · 8:39
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The Kandyan Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Last Independent Monarchy

Jun 2, 2026 · 5:19
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Sri Lanka's Polonnaruwa Under Nissanka Malla: Grandeur and Folly

Jun 2, 2026 · 7:13
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The Polonnaruwa Vatadage: Architecture, Relics, and Medieval Sri Lanka

Jun 1, 2026 · 6:49
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Sri Lanka's Anuradhapura: The Rise of Dutugamunu

Jun 1, 2026 · 7:11
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Anuradhapura: Sri Lanka's First Great Civilization

May 31, 2026 · 8:48
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Sigiriya: Sri Lanka's Lion Rock Fortress and Kasyapa's Reign

May 31, 2026 · 7:05
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Sri Lanka's Cinnamon Monopoly: How a Spice Shaped an Island

May 30, 2026 · 6:34
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Sri Lankan Kingdom of Kotte's Rise Under Parakramabahu VI

May 30, 2026 · 7:25
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Sri Lanka's Arab Trade and the Beruwala Muslim Settlement

May 29, 2026 · 7:41
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Sri Lanka's Yapahuwa Kingdom: A Fleeting Capital in Stone

May 29, 2026 · 7:02
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The 1848 Matale Rebellion and the Rise of Gongalegoda Banda

May 28, 2026 · 7:42
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The Dutch in Ceylon: Cinnamon, Slaves, and a New Colonial Order

May 28, 2026 · 8:44
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Sri Lanka's Jaffna Kingdom: Tamil Kingship and Colonial Resistance

May 27, 2026 · 7:29
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The Portuguese Conquest of Jaffna and Tamil Resistance

May 27, 2026 · 6:24
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The Dambadeniya Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Thirteenth-Century Revival

May 26, 2026 · 6:36
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Sri Lanka's Parangi Hat: The Portuguese Legacy in Ceylon

May 26, 2026 · 4:50
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Sri Lanka's Polonnaruwa After Parakramabahu: Decline and Invasion

May 25, 2026 · 9:01
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Sri Lanka's 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots: Causes and Aftermath

May 25, 2026 · 5:32
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The 1830s Coffee Boom That Transformed Ceylon

May 24, 2026 · 3:53
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The 1915 Sinhalese-Muslim Riots and Tamil Labor

May 24, 2026 · 6:36
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Sri Lanka's 1848 Matale Rebellion: Revolt Against Colonial Rule

May 23, 2026 · 4:52
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Sri Lanka's Last King: The Fall of the Kandyan Kingdom

May 23, 2026 · 5:57
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The Kandyan Kingdom's Last Stand: 1815

May 22, 2026 · 8:03
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Sri Lanka's King Parakramabahu the Great and the Polonnaruwa Renaissance

May 20, 2026 · 6:36
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Sri Lanka's Abhayagiri Monastery: A Lost Tradition of Buddhism

May 19, 2026 · 6:42
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Anuradhapura's Jetavanaramaya: The Ancient World's Third Tallest Structure

May 19, 2026 · 5:38
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Kashyapa's Sigiriya: A Usurper's Legacy in Stone

May 18, 2026 · 7:40
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Sigiriya: Sri Lanka's Lion Rock Fortress and King Kashyapa

May 18, 2026 · 8:58
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Vijayabahu I: The King Who Freed Sri Lanka from Chola Rule

May 17, 2026 · 8:06
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The Anuradhapura Kingdom's Irrigation Genius

May 17, 2026 · 5:37
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The Kotte Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Forgotten Maritime Empire

May 16, 2026 · 6:46
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Sri Lanka's Temple of the Tooth and the Politics of a Sacred Relic

May 16, 2026 · 5:03
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The Dutch in Ceylon: Forts, Cinnamon, and the Kandyan Kingdom

May 15, 2026 · 5:38
0:000:00

The 1971 JVP Insurrection: Sri Lanka's Youth Uprising

May 15, 2026 · 3:56
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The 1971 Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna Insurrection

May 12, 2026 · 6:53
0:000:00

The Vellore Mutiny: Indian Sepoys in Ceylon

May 12, 2026 · 7:38
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The Cinnamon Trade: Sri Lanka's Spice That Changed the World

May 11, 2026 · 6:32
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The Battle of Mulleriyawa: Sinhalese Victory Over Portugal

May 11, 2026 · 6:03
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Sri Lankan Kings and the Colonial Contest for the Coast

May 10, 2026 · 5:32
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Sri Lanka's Battle of Vijithapura: Dutugamunu vs Elara

May 10, 2026 · 4:50
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Polonnaruwa's Sacred Quadrangle and the Tooth Relic

May 9, 2026 · 6:31
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Dutugamunu vs Elara: The Battle That Shaped Sri Lanka

May 9, 2026 · 5:57
0:000:00

The Portuguese in Ceylon: Spices, Fortresses and Conversion

May 8, 2026 · 5:58
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The Kandyan Convention: Britain's Annexation of Sri Lanka's Last Kingdom

May 8, 2026 · 4:47
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The Battle of Asgiriya: 1818 Rebellion Against British Rule

May 7, 2026 · 8:26
0:000:00

King Parakramabahu the Great: Sri Lanka's Imperial Dreamer

May 7, 2026 · 7:36
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Anuradhapura: Sri Lanka's First Great Civilization

May 6, 2026 · 7:24
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Polonnaruwa: Sri Lanka's Medieval Capital After the Chola Invasion

May 6, 2026 · 5:43
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The 1915 Sinhala-Muslim Riots: British Divide and Rule in Ceylon

May 5, 2026 · 6:40
0:000:00

The Mahaweli Development Project: Sri Lanka's River of Change

May 5, 2026 · 5:43
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The Fall of Sigiriya: Kassapa, Dhatusena and Sri Lanka's Citadel in the Sky

May 4, 2026 · 5:23
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The Last King of Kandy: Sri Vikrama Rajasinha's Downfall

May 4, 2026 · 4:54
0:000:00

The 1990 Siege of Jaffna Fort: LTTE vs Sri Lanka Army

May 3, 2026 · 5:50
0:000:00

Eelam War III: The LTTE's Lost Victory at Elephant Pass

May 3, 2026 · 6:08
0:000:00

Rajiv Gandhi Assassination: The LTTE's Deadliest Strike

May 2, 2026 · 6:58
0:000:00

The LTTE's First Suicide Attack: Nehru 1987

May 2, 2026 · 5:32
0:000:00

The Eelam War: 1983-87 Before India Intervened

May 1, 2026 · 4:37
0:000:00

The 1983 Black July Pogrom That Ignited Civil War

May 1, 2026 · 3:59
0:000:00

Operation Liberation: The 1987-89 JVP Uprising and State Crackdown

Apr 30, 2026 · 6:42
0:000:00

The 1987 Indo-Sri Lanka Accord: India's Intervention in the Civil War

Apr 30, 2026 · 7:11
0:000:00

The 1956 Election: Sinhala Only and Sri Lanka's Ethnic Divide

Apr 29, 2026 · 6:34
0:000:00

The 1971 JVP Insurrection: Sri Lanka's Che Guevara Moment

Apr 29, 2026 · 7:55
0:000:00

SWRD Bandaranaike: The Assassination That Changed Sri Lanka

Apr 28, 2026 · 6:43
0:000:00

The Donoughmore Constitution: Sri Lanka's Road to Self-Rule

Apr 28, 2026 · 7:07
0:000:00

Sri Lanka's Labour Export: From Coffee to the Gulf

Apr 27, 2026 · 6:00
0:000:00

The Matale Rebellion: 1848 Uprising in British Ceylon

Apr 27, 2026 · 5:34
0:000:00

Anagarika Dharmapala: Buddhist Revival and Sri Lankan Nationalism

Apr 26, 2026 · 5:34
0:000:00

Coffee, Railroads, and Reform: British Ceylon 1815–1900

Apr 26, 2026 · 6:58
0:000:00

The British Conquest of Kandy: 1815 and the End of Independence

Apr 25, 2026 · 6:57
0:000:00

The Dutch in Ceylon: Cinnamon, Forts, and Colonial Rule

Apr 25, 2026 · 6:47
0:000:00

The Portuguese in Sri Lanka: Forts, Conversion, and Resistance

Apr 25, 2026 · 6:28
0:000:00

The Kandyan Kingdom: Sri Lanka's Last Independent Realm

Apr 25, 2026 · 7:55
0:000:00

Jaffna Kingdom: The Tamil Kings of Sri Lanka's North

Apr 24, 2026 · 8:41
0:000:00

Polonnaruwa: Sri Lanka's Second Great Kingdom

Apr 23, 2026 · 6:58
0:000:00

Sri Lanka's Deep Past: Anuradhapura, Sigiriya, and the Mahavamsa

Apr 23, 2026 · 9:12
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